SWIO: ENAWO - Post-Tropical

[euro6208]

09S ENAWO 170306 1200 14.1S 53.0E SHEM 100 955

Cat 3...

[mrbagyo]

It's becoming more symmetrical

[NotoSans]

Consensus T6.5/6.5 from JTWC and SAB.

TPXS10 PGTW 061830

A. TROPICAL CYCLONE 09S (ENAWO)

B. 06/1800Z

C. 14.41S

D. 52.36E

E. THREE/MET8

F. T6.5/6.5/D1.5/24HRS STT: D0.5/03HRS

G. IR/EIR

H. REMARKS: 09A/PBO RAGGED EYE/ANMTN. WMG EYE SURROUNDED BY B
YIELDS AN E# OF 5.5. ADDED 1.0 FOR EYE ADJUSTMENT TO YIELD A DT
OF 6.5. MET AND PT AGREE WITH DT. DBO DT.

I. ADDITIONAL POSITIONS: NONE


CHAPPOTIN

TXXS21 KNES 061808
TCSSIO

A. 09S (ENAWO)

B. 06/1730Z

C. 14.4S

D. 52.4E

E. ONE/MET-8

F. T6.5/6.5/D1.5/18HRS

G. IR/EIR

H. REMARKS...WMG EYE EMBEDDED IN B AND SURROUNDED BY W RING YIELDS
DT OF 6.5 AFTER +1.0 EYE ADJUSTMENT. NO BANDING FEATURE ADJUSTMENT
MERITED. MET=6.0 PT=6.0. FT IS BASED ON DT.

I. ADDL POSITIONS

NIL


...VELASCO

[1900hurricane]

ADT and Satcon are also in tight agreement of about 125 kt. Seems like an easy 18Z intensity estimate.

[1900hurricane]

MFR is up to 105 kt, which converts to 120 kt 1 minute winds.

WTIO30 FMEE 061839
RSMC / TROPICAL CYCLONE CENTER / LA REUNION
TROPICAL CYCLONE FORECAST WARNING (SOUTH-WEST INDIAN OCEAN)
0.A WARNING NUMBER: 18/6/20162017
1.A INTENSE TROPICAL CYCLONE 6 (ENAWO)
2.A POSITION 2017/03/06 AT 1800 UTC:
WITHIN 15 NM RADIUS OF POINT 14.4 S / 52.4 E
(FOURTEEN DECIMAL FOUR DEGREES SOUTH AND FIFTY TWO DECIMAL FOUR
DEGREES EAST)
MOVEMENT : WEST-SOUTH-WEST 6 KT
3.A DVORAK ANALYSIS: 6.0/6.0/D 0.5/6 H
4.A CENTRAL PRESSURE: 938 HPA
5.A MAX AVERAGE WIND SPEED (10 MN): 105 KT
RADIUS OF MAXIMUM WINDS (RMW) :30 KM
6.A EXTENSION OF WIND BY QUADRANTS (KM):
28 KT NE: 260 SE: 370 SW: 300 NW: 260
34 KT NE: 190 SE: 300 SW: 240 NW: 190
48 KT NE: 150 SE: 170 SW: 150 NW: 150
64 KT NE: 90 SE: 90 SW: 90 NW: 90
7.A FIRST CLOSED ISOBAR (PRESSURE / AVERAGE DIAM): 1005 HPA / 1100 KM
8.A VERTICAL EXTENSION OF CYCLONE CIRCULATION : DEEP
1.B FORECASTS:
12H: 2017/03/07 06 UTC: 15.1 S / 50.8 E, MAX WIND=100 KT, INTENSE TROPICAL
CYCLONE
24H: 2017/03/07 18 UTC: 15.7 S / 49.7 E, MAX WIND=100 KT, INTENSE TROPICAL
CYCLONE
36H: 2017/03/08 06 UTC: 16.8 S / 48.5 E, MAX WIND=070 KT, OVERLAND DEPRESSION
48H: 2017/03/08 18 UTC: 18.4 S / 47.5 E, MAX WIND=040 KT, OVERLAND DEPRESSION
60H: 2017/03/09 06 UTC: 20.3 S / 46.9 E, MAX WIND=025 KT, DISSIPATING
2.B LONGER-RANGE OUTLOOK :
2.C ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
T=CI=6.0+
OVER THE PAST HOURS, THE EYE PATTERN IS SUSTAINED WITH WELL SYMETRIC
AND COLD RING. ENAWO INTENSITY CONTINUES TO INTENSIFY. PËRIPHERAL
CONVECTIVE CLOUDS CONCERN NOW MADAGASCAR COAST.
THE STEERING FLOW DOESN'T EVOLVE AND SHOULD MAINTAIN A TRACK TOWARDS
WEST-SOUTHWEST WITH A RELATIVELY CONSTANT SPEED BEFORE THE LANDFALL,
EXPECTED AT MIDDAY OF TUESDAY ON MADAGASCAR. THEN, ENAWO SHOULD
FOLLOW A PARABOLIC TRACK SOUTHWARDS, BECAUSE OF THE WEAKENING OF
THE MID-TROPOSPHERE RIDGE ON MADAGASCAR. RESIDUAL VORTEX SHOULD
TRANSIT ON LAND TOWARDS SOUTH BEFORE ITS PROGRESSIVE DISSIPATION IN THE
MIDDLE OF WEEK.
THE GOOD ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS UP TO TUESDAY SHOULD ALLOW THE
SYSTEM TO MAINTAIN ITS INTENSITY UNTIL THE FINAL APPROACH OF
MADAGASCAR. HOWEVER A SLIGHT EASTERLY UPPER CONSTRAINT MAY PREVENT
ENAWO FROM REACHING THE VERY INTENSE STAGE.
ENAWO IS NOW A VERY DANGEROUS CYCLONE, THREATENING THE NORTH-EAST OF
MADAGASCAR. NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION ARE IN VERY GOOD
AGREEMENT OVER SEVERAL RUNS TO SUGGEST A LANDFALL OVER THE MASAOLA
PENINSULA SOUTH OF ANTALAHA TOMORROW. THE LANDFALL TIMING REMAINS
THE SAME NEAR MIDDAY, WITH LITTLE UNCERTAINTY IN NUMERICAL GUIDANCE.
ANTONGIL BAY IS MORE LIKELY TO UNDERGO SIGNIFICANT STORM SURGE. IT IS
EXPECTED TO REACH 3-4 METERS NEAR MAROANTSETRA BUT CLOSER TO 1 METER
SOUTH OF ANTALAHA AND NEAR ANTANAMBE.

[1900hurricane]

As expected, JTWC is up to 125 kt at 18Z.

09S ENAWO 170306 1800 14.5S 52.4E SHEM 125 931

[cycloneye]

Very impressive structure.

[euro6208]

First + Cat 3 or higher storm worldwide since last year's October Cat 5 Super Typhoon Haima which struck the Philippines as a borderline Cat 5.

[mrbagyo]

First + Cat 3 or higher storm worldwide since last year's October Cat 5 Super Typhoon Haima which struck the Philippines as a borderline Cat 5.

nope, we had Nock-Ten on Christmas day

[Digital-TC-Chaser]

ADT-Version 8.2.1
Tropical Cyclone Intensity Algorithm

----- Current Analysis -----
Date : 07 MAR 2017 Time : 000000 UTC
Lat : 14:35:51 S Lon : 51:32:33 E


CI# /Pressure/ Vmax
6.4 / 931.7mb/124.6kt


Final T# Adj T# Raw T#
6.1 6.6 6.6

Estimated radius of max. wind based on IR : 15 km

Center Temp : +15.6C Cloud Region Temp : -75.2C

Scene Type : EYE

]

Eye has really warmed up

[euro6208]

First + Cat 3 or higher storm worldwide since last year's October Cat 5 Super Typhoon Haima which struck the Philippines as a borderline Cat 5.

nope, we had Nock-Ten on Christmas day

Strongest TC ever measured worldwide on Christmas and 8 landfalls through the Philippines. How did i miss that.

[Hypercane_Kyle]

Looking worse by the hour.

[1900hurricane]

Enawo may have peaked. After some of the highest eye temperatures I've seen in this basin (likely partially due to the switch to Meteosat 8), Enawo's eye has begun to cool back down. The microwave presentation is still of a fairly intense system, but it is noteworthy that the yellow ring on the 91 GHz brightness does not complete. Coupled with the still somewhat pulsing convection in the CDO, I can't help but wonder if there are still some minor dry air issues being experienced.

[Digital-TC-Chaser]

Sinister looking core.

[sebabasy]

landfall in Antalaha: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ppmVeE5MFAo

[euro6208]

landfall in Antalaha: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ppmVeE5MFAo

TROPICAL CYCLONE (TC) 09S (ENAWO), LOCATED APPROXIMATELY 444 NM
NORTHWEST OF ST DENIS, HAS TRACKED WESTWARD AT 09 KNOTS OVER THE
PAST SIX HOURS. ANIMATED MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGERY (MSI)
DEPICTS A 20NM ROUND EYE, WHICH SUPPORTS THE CURRENT POSITION WITH
HIGH CONFIDENCE. MSI SHOWS THE SYSTEM MADE LANDFALL AT 0800Z AT
14.6N 50.2E, HALFWAY BETWEEN SAMBAVA (14.3S 50.2E) AND ANTALAHA
(14.9S 50.2E). SURFACE OBSERVATIONS FROM THESE SITES THUS FAR ONLY
INDICATE MAXIMUM WINDS OF 28 KNOTS WITH MINIMUM SLP NEAR 976.5MB. A
070235Z SSMIS 91GHZ IMAGE REVEALS EXCELLENT CONVECTIVE STRUCTURE
WITH A BANDING FEATURE WRAPPING INTO A NEAR-SYMMETRIC EYEWALL.
DVORAK ESTIMATES HAVE MAINTAINED AT T6.5 (127 KNOTS) WHILE SATCON
ESTIMATES HAVE RANGED FROM 122 TO 130 KNOTS OVER THE PAST SIX HOURS,
THEREFORE, THE CURRENT INTENSITY REMAINS ASSESSED AT 125 KNOTS. TC
09S IS TRACKING ALONG THE NORTHWEST PERIPHERY OF THE SUBTROPICAL
RIDGE (STR) AND IS EXPECTED TO TURN SOUTHWARD AFTER TAU 12 AS THE
STR RE-ALIGNS NORTH-SOUTH. DYNAMIC GUIDANCE REMAINS IN GOOD
AGREEMENT SUPPORTING HIGH CONFIDENCE IN THE JTWC FORECAST TRACK. TC
ENAWO IS FORECAST TO RAPIDLY WEAKEN AS IT DRIVES INLAND OVER THE
MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN OF MADAGASCAR, AND IS EXPECTED TO DISSIPATE BY
TAU 48. MAXIMUM SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT AT 070600Z IS 32 FEET. NEXT
WARNINGS AT 072100Z AND 080900Z.//

[mrbagyo]

First + Cat 3 or higher storm worldwide since last year's October Cat 5 Super Typhoon Haima which struck the Philippines as a borderline Cat 5.

nope, we had Nock-Ten on Christmas day

Strongest TC ever measured worldwide on Christmas and 8 landfalls through the Philippines. How did i miss that.

Actually, the Atlantic also managed to produced one - Cat 3 Hurricane Otto (November)

Anyway, here's a GIF that I made showing Enawo's landfall over Madagascar. (SSD doesn't offer satellite loops for SOI systems )
Image: Meteosat IODC

[Digital-TC-Chaser]

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/20 ... dian-ocean

https://www.unocha.org/top-stories/all- ... 000-people

[1900hurricane]

Guess who is back (according to JTWC)!

WTXS32 PGTW 100300
MSGID/GENADMIN/JOINT TYPHOON WRNCEN PEARL HARBOR HI//
SUBJ/TROPICAL CYCLONE 09S (ENAWO) WARNING NR 011//
RMKS/
1. TROPICAL CYCLONE 09S (ENAWO) WARNING NR 011
02 ACTIVE TROPICAL CYCLONES IN SOUTHIO
MAX SUSTAINED WINDS BASED ON ONE-MINUTE AVERAGE
WIND RADII VALID OVER OPEN WATER ONLY
---
WARNING POSITION:
100000Z --- NEAR 26.2S 46.8E
MOVEMENT PAST SIX HOURS - 160 DEGREES AT 22 KTS
POSITION ACCURATE TO WITHIN 060 NM
POSITION BASED ON CENTER LOCATED BY SATELLITE
PRESENT WIND DISTRIBUTION:
MAX SUSTAINED WINDS - 045 KT, GUSTS 055 KT
WIND RADII VALID OVER OPEN WATER ONLY
RADIUS OF 034 KT WINDS - 165 NM NORTHEAST QUADRANT
160 NM SOUTHEAST QUADRANT
090 NM SOUTHWEST QUADRANT
000 NM NORTHWEST QUADRANT
REPEAT POSIT: 26.2S 46.8E
---
FORECASTS:
12 HRS, VALID AT:
101200Z --- 28.6S 47.8E
MAX SUSTAINED WINDS - 050 KT, GUSTS 065 KT
WIND RADII VALID OVER OPEN WATER ONLY
RADIUS OF 050 KT WINDS - 080 NM NORTHEAST QUADRANT
090 NM SOUTHEAST QUADRANT
095 NM SOUTHWEST QUADRANT
055 NM NORTHWEST QUADRANT
RADIUS OF 034 KT WINDS - 185 NM NORTHEAST QUADRANT
205 NM SOUTHEAST QUADRANT
130 NM SOUTHWEST QUADRANT
100 NM NORTHWEST QUADRANT
VECTOR TO 24 HR POSIT: 170 DEG/ 13 KTS
---
24 HRS, VALID AT:
110000Z --- 31.2S 48.3E
MAX SUSTAINED WINDS - 050 KT, GUSTS 065 KT
WIND RADII VALID OVER OPEN WATER ONLY
BECOMING EXTRATROPICAL
RADIUS OF 050 KT WINDS - 095 NM NORTHEAST QUADRANT
100 NM SOUTHEAST QUADRANT
030 NM SOUTHWEST QUADRANT
050 NM NORTHWEST QUADRANT
RADIUS OF 034 KT WINDS - 175 NM NORTHEAST QUADRANT
210 NM SOUTHEAST QUADRANT
125 NM SOUTHWEST QUADRANT
110 NM NORTHWEST QUADRANT
VECTOR TO 36 HR POSIT: 215 DEG/ 18 KTS
---
36 HRS, VALID AT:
111200Z --- 34.1S 45.6E
MAX SUSTAINED WINDS - 045 KT, GUSTS 055 KT
WIND RADII VALID OVER OPEN WATER ONLY
BECOMING EXTRATROPICAL
RADIUS OF 034 KT WINDS - 180 NM NORTHEAST QUADRANT
260 NM SOUTHEAST QUADRANT
160 NM SOUTHWEST QUADRANT
110 NM NORTHWEST QUADRANT
VECTOR TO 48 HR POSIT: 190 DEG/ 26 KTS
---
EXTENDED OUTLOOK:
48 HRS, VALID AT:
120000Z --- 39.2S 44.4E
MAX SUSTAINED WINDS - 040 KT, GUSTS 050 KT
WIND RADII VALID OVER OPEN WATER ONLY
EXTRATROPICAL
RADIUS OF 034 KT WINDS - 200 NM NORTHEAST QUADRANT
250 NM SOUTHEAST QUADRANT
225 NM SOUTHWEST QUADRANT
185 NM NORTHWEST QUADRANT
---
REMARKS:
100300Z POSITION NEAR 26.8S 47.1E.
TROPICAL CYCLONE 09S (ENAWO), LOCATED APPROXIMATELY 434 NM
SOUTHEAST OF EUROPA ISLAND, HAS TRACKED SOUTH-SOUTHEASTWARD AT 22
KNOTS OVER THE PAST SIX HOURS. AVAILABLE METEOROLOGICAL DATA
SUPPORTS THE REGENERATION OF TC 09S (ENAWO), THEREFORE JTWC HAS
RESUMED WARNINGS. ANIMATED ENHANCED INFRARED (IR) IMAGERY INDICATES
THE LOW LEVEL CIRCULATION CENTER (LLCC) HAS REEMERGED OVER WATER AS
A TROPICAL CYCLONE ALONG THE SOUTHEASTERN COAST OF MADAGASCAR, WITH
SUSTAINED WINDS OF 45 KNOTS. THERMAL CROSS-SECTIONS INDICATE A 2.0
DEG WARM ANOMALY AT 10KM, THERE IS LITTLE IN THE WAY OF TEMPERATURE
ADVECTION AND THE SYSTEM LIES NORTH OF THE SUBTROPICAL RIDGE AXIS,
SUPPORTING THE TROPICAL NATURE OF THE SYSTEM. THE INITIAL POSITION
IS PLACED WITH HIGH CONFIDENCE BASED ON A PARTIALLY EXPOSED LLCC
VISIBLE IN THE ANIMATED IMAGERY. THERE ARE NO RECENT MICROWAVE
PASSES WITH THE LLCC OVER WATER TO SUPPORT THE POSITION. THE INITIAL
INTENSITY SET AT 45 KNOTS IS ABOVE THE DVORAK CURRENT INTENSITY
ESTIMATE FROM JTWC, AND IS BASED PRIMARILY ON SHIP OBSERVATIONS IN
THE AREA AND A COMBINATION OF ASCAT PASSES BETWEEN 1800Z-1900Z
INDICATING A BROAD AREA OF 35-40 KNOT WINDS TO THE EAST AND SOUTH OF
THE CENTER, WITH SOME 45 KNOT BARBS. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
INDICATES A DEEP UPPER LEVEL TROUGH TO THE WEST OF THE SYSTEM, WITH
STRONG DIVERGENT FLOW OVER TOP OF THE SYSTEM, SUPPORTING A VERY
STRONG POLEWARD OUTFLOW CHANNEL. VERTICAL WIND SHEAR (VWS) VALUES
ARE LOW (10-15 KNOTS) DIRECTLY OVER TC 09S, WITH A VERY TIGHT
GRADIENT TO THE SOUTH, WHILE SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES ARE MARGINAL
AT 26-27 DEG C. TC ENAWO WILL CONTINUE MOVING RAPIDLY SOUTH-
SOUTHEASTWARD ALONG THE WESTERN PERIPHERY OF A DEEP SUBTROPICAL
RIDGE (STR) LOCATED FAR TO THE SOUTHEAST FOR THE NEXT 12-18 HOURS,
BEFORE TURNING TOWARDS THE SOUTHWEST IN RESPONSE TO THE DEVELOPMENT
OF AN UPPER-LEVEL LOW TO THE WEST. TC 09S IS EXPECTED TO INTENSIFY
SLIGHTLY OVER THE NEXT 24 HOURS AS THE SYSTEM CONTINUES TO TAP INTO
THE STRONG POLEWARD OUTFLOW CHANNEL WHILE REMAINING IN A RELATIVELY
LOW SHEAR ENVIRONMENT AND OVER WARMER WATERS. THE SYSTEM BEGINS TO
BECOME EXTRATROPICAL BY TAU 24 AND COMPLETE EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION
BY THE END OF THE FORECAST PERIOD AS THE SYSTEM BECOMES ABSORBED
INTO THE UPPER-LEVEL WESTERLIES. DUE TO THE REGENERATION OF THE
SYSTEM, THERE IS LITTLE IN THE WAY OF NUMERICAL GUIDANCE, BUT WHAT
IS AVAILABLE IS IN GOOD AGREEMENT WITH ONLY SMALL DIFFERENCES IN THE
SPEED OF THE SYSTEM ALONG THE TRACK. THERE IS OVERALL HIGH
CONFIDENCE IN THE JTWC TRACK. MAXIMUM SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT AT
100000Z IS 18 FEET. NEXT WARNINGS AT 101500Z AND 110300Z. REFER TO
TROPICAL CYCLONE 11S (ELEVEN) WARNINGS (WTXS31 PGTW) FOR TWELVE-
HOURLY UPDATES.//
NNNN

[1900hurricane]

...but not according to MFR.

WTIO30 FMEE 100129
RSMC / TROPICAL CYCLONE CENTER / LA REUNION
TROPICAL CYCLONE FORECAST WARNING (SOUTH-WEST INDIAN OCEAN)
0.A WARNING NUMBER: 31/6/20162017
1.A POST-TROPICAL DEPRESSION 6 (EX-ENAWO)
2.A POSITION 2017/03/10 AT 0000 UTC:
WITHIN 30 NM RADIUS OF POINT 25.5 S / 46.6 E
(TWENTY FIVE DECIMAL FIVE DEGREES SOUTH AND FORTY SIX DECIMAL SIX
DEGREES EAST)
MOVEMENT : SOUTH-SOUTH-EAST 15 KT
3.A DVORAK ANALYSIS: NIL
4.A CENTRAL PRESSURE: 990 HPA
5.A MAX AVERAGE WIND SPEED (10 MN): 35 KT
RADIUS OF MAXIMUM WINDS (RMW) :46 KM
6.A EXTENSION OF WIND BY QUADRANTS (KM):
28 KT NE: 330 SE: 460 SW: 260 NW: 0
34 KT NE: 280 SE: 280 SW: 170 NW: 0
7.A FIRST CLOSED ISOBAR (PRESSURE / AVERAGE DIAM): 1003 HPA / 900 KM
8.A VERTICAL EXTENSION OF CYCLONE CIRCULATION : MEDIUM
1.B FORECASTS:
12H: 2017/03/10 12 UTC: 27.8 S / 48.1 E, MAX WIND=040 KT, POST-TROPICAL
DEPRESSION
24H: 2017/03/11 00 UTC: 30.5 S / 48.6 E, MAX WIND=045 KT, POST-TROPICAL
DEPRESSION
36H: 2017/03/11 12 UTC: 33.3 S / 46.3 E, MAX WIND=040 KT, POST-TROPICAL
DEPRESSION
48H: 2017/03/12 00 UTC: 37.0 S / 43.8 E, MAX WIND=030 KT, POST-TROPICAL
DEPRESSION
60H: 2017/03/12 12 UTC: 43.7 S / 46.2 E, MAX WIND=025 KT, DISSIPATING
2.B LONGER-RANGE OUTLOOK :
2.C ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
EX-ENAWO IS NOW TRACKING OVER OPEN WATER AGAIN BUT ITS CLOUD PATTERN
DID NOT EVOLVE. CONVECTION IS STILL SHEARED BY A NORTHERLY CONSTRAINT.
THE WV IMAGES SHOW THE ARRIVAL OF THE UPPER TROUGH FROM THE WEST. THIS
TROUGH IS CURRENTLY A BIT TOO FAR TO TRIGGER THE EXTRATROPICALISATION
PROCESS. HOWEVER, EX-ENAWO'S CORE HAVE BEEN AFFECTED BY ITS PASSAGE
OVER LAND. THUS, THE MODELS ARE IN GOOD AGREEMENT TO ANALYSE AN
ALREADY ASYMMETRIC AND SHALLOW CORE. THUS, EX-ENAWO HAS ALREADY
BEEN CLASSIFIED AS "POST-TROPICAL".
EX-ENAWO'S TRACK SHOULD REMAIN GLOBALLY MERIDIAN, STEERED BY THE
WESTERN SIDE OF THE SUBTROPICAL RIDGE AND THEN BY A LOW-MID
TROPOSPHERE TROUGH CIRCULATING IN THE SOUTH. WELL CONSTRAINED BY
THESE STRUCTURES, EX-ENAWO'S TRACK FORECAST IS THUS ASSOCIATED WITH
RATHER GOOD CONFIDENCE.
THE NORTHERLY SHEAR SHOULD STRENGTHEN TODAY, AHEAD OF AN UPPER
TROUGH COMING FROM THE MID-LATITUDES. THUS, THE EXTRA-TROPICALISATION
PROCESS SHOULD BEGIN TODAY. THE PHASE DIAGRAMS SHOW THAT THIS
INTERACTION SHOULD QUICKLY AFFECT THE CORE STRUCTURE OF THE SYSTEM.
OVER COOLING WATERS, THE STRENGTHENING BAROCLINIC PROCESSES COULD
TEMPORARILY INTENSIFY THE SYSTEM AGAIN. MONDAY, EX-ENAWO'S RESIDUAL
LOW SHOULD MERGE WITH A SURFACE TROUGH ASSOCIATED WITH A MIDLATITUDES
DEPRESSION.
THIS MORNING, GALE FORCE WINDS ARE STILL AFFECTING THE SOUTH AND
SOUTH-EASTERN COASTS OF MADAGASCAR.