Corps' coastal report short on specifics
Protection will take billions, it warns
Tuesday, July 11, 2006 TP/NOLA.com
By Mark Schleifstein
Staff writer
Accompanied by a warning that protecting New Orleans and the Louisiana coast from major hurricanes would cost "double-digit billions of dollars" and take decades to accomplish, the Bush administration and the Army Corps of Engineers on Monday submitted to Congress an interim protection report that includes no recommendations for specific projects.
In a cover letter to Vice President Dick Cheney, who serves as president of the Senate, John Woodley Jr., the assistant secretary of the Army for civil works, warned that making the decision to proceed with greater hurricane protection could be daunting.
"Ultimately, decision makers will have to use their best judgments to make trade-offs as to which, if any, measures they deem practical," Woodley said. "There is no such thing as unlimited resources, and we must also not be indifferent to the consequences of proposals for levees and other storm-damage-reduction structures on the wetlands ecosystem."
The decision to leave individual projects out of the interim Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration report in favor of language on how future projects would be chosen, however, was immediately criticized by Gov. Kathleen Blanco and U.S. Sens. Mary Landrieu and David Vitter as not complying with the wishes of Congress.
Blanco's demands
Blanco demanded that the corps submit to Congress the five major projects recommended by the state for initial authorization:
-- Beginning design work on a barrier and gate plan to protect the New Orleans area from major hurricanes.
-- Closing the Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet to major ship traffic and beginning environmental restoration of the wetlands adjacent to it.
-- Design work on a plan for rebuilding eroded barrier islands and headlands and building new ones in the Barataria basin, which includes parts of Jefferson, Lafourche and Terrebonne parishes.
-- Authorizing the Morganza-to-Gulf hurricane levee project that stretches along much of the same area and has been awaiting congressional approval for several years.
-- Approval and financing for a variety of smaller restoration projects in southwestern Louisiana.
"These critical projects cannot wait another 18 months to be considered for action by Congress," Blanco said in a statement released Monday.
Blanco also criticized the report for reflecting "the administration's desire that the corps proceed under normal policy considerations," when Congress specifically ordered the agency to streamline its approval process for the hurricane protection and coastal restoration projects.
Irate senators
Landrieu immediately asked U.S. Sen. Pete Domenici, R-N.M., the chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee's Subcommittee on Energy and Water, for a hearing to investigate why the administration changed the report that was being agreed to by local corps officials and the state.
"Levee and flood control is a life-or-death situation for the people of coastal Louisiana, and so, it is very disappointing that this report fails to do what Congress mandated: Give us all the facts and show us what it will take to protect coastal Louisiana," Landrieu said in a statement released by her office Monday evening.
"There are numerous differences between the final text and the report reviewed by the corps/state project delivery team, the corps' independent technical review team and the independent peer review," Landrieu said. "Of particular cause for concern is the appearance that the report may have been altered to eliminate important technical information and proposals. As a result, the modified report omits many recommendations that could have helped protect the people of Louisiana and the nation they serve."
Vitter also criticized the administration for altering the report after corps and state officials had agreed on language that would have allowed Congress to authorize the beginning of work on some projects.
"While these discussions seemed to be progressing well, the assistant secretary of the Army decided to gut the report and remove all substance from the report," Vitter said in a statement. "This lack of leadership and ineptitude has become the rule rather than the exception. Two weeks ago, I expressed frustration with the corps on their repeated failures to meet self-imposed deadlines and goals. This report is nothing more than another slap in the face of Louisiana."
Tom Waters, chief of planning and policy for the corps, defended the decision to strip individual projects from the interim report during a news conference announcing its release, saying it was too early in the process to be looking at individual projects.
He said that decision followed a "comprehensive technical review for both technical content and policy purposes" by senior officials, whom he refused to name. He said the review followed traditional corps procedures for major projects.
"That was the result of the review within the agency and within the administration that it's too early to recommend projects for authorization," he said.
No estimates forthcoming
Dan Hitchings, an official with the corps' Mississippi Valley Division office in Vicksburg, which oversees all work along the river from Louisiana to Minnesota, said it was too early to estimate the cost of any alternative hurricane protection plans, adding that the release of such numbers would be "irresponsible."
A May 15 draft version of the plan, written before changes were made by senior officials, did include estimates for the projects recommended for initial approval by the state, however. The barrier plan, which would include higher levees and gates east of the Mississippi River, was estimated at $23.5 billion, a figure used in early discussions during the interagency team review, and would need $90 million from Congress for initial planning and design.
The MR-GO modification proposal would require $3.5 million for preparing a report leading to the channel's deauthorization by Congress for larger ships and for planning wetlands restoration.
The Barataria shoreline restoration proposal would need $300 million, based on studies already completed by federal and state officials.
The Morganza-to-Gulf levee project already is estimated to cost $887 million.
And authorizing construction of smaller projects, largely in southwestern Louisiana, that already are being considered under the federal Breaux Act program, would cost $774 million, according to the earlier draft.
Al Naomi, a New Orleans district corps employee who has been leading the study, said a great deal of work has already been completed. Accompanying the release of the 78-page report were 13 appendices totaling several thousand pages.
Models of a monster
Naomi said corps investigators working on the study are already using a computerized version of the maximum hurricane believed able to hit the Louisiana coast to determine what protection is needed.
That storm has top winds of 165 mph when it goes ashore, which means it actually could be stronger in the Gulf. It could result in a storm surge as high as 40 feet, which would include still water and waves. The surge from Hurricane Katrina is believed to have been no higher than 25 feet along parts of Louisiana's coast, with some reports of surge and waves reaching 33 feet on the Mississippi coast.
The "decision matrix" recommended by the report for choosing projects would divide the state into geographic planning units and identify assets at risk in each unit. It would look at the types of storms that could affect each unit and their chances of recurring.
Then officials would develop a variety of structural measures, such as levees and gates; coastal restoration methods to reduce surge and wind effects, such as the restoration of wetlands, barrier islands and coastal forests; and nonstructural measures, such as better evacuation plans, stronger building codes and a ban on development in low-lying areas.
After sifting through the various proposals, alternate plans would be developed, along with cost estimates.
Waters said developing a comprehensive plan will take until the final report is required by Congress in December 2007. But he said some projects could be pushed out more quickly, as they are deemed ready for Congress to consider.
The decision matrix itself should be completed by October, he said. That's also when Louisiana officials say they plan to issue their own report that will include a variety of specific recommendations for levee and coastal restoration projects.
The federal and state efforts are using research conducted during the investigation of Hurricane Katrina conducted by the Defense Department's Interagency Performance Evaluation Task Force. The team also held three public meetings to gather recommendations on levee and restoration alternatives.
The preliminary report and other information on the plan is available on the Web at
http://www.lacpr.usace.army.mil/.