December 1-7 Thoughts

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donsutherland1
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December 1-7 Thoughts

#1 Postby donsutherland1 » Wed Nov 22, 2006 5:06 pm

During the first 7 days of December, I believe generally transient conditions are likely: shots of cold alternating with milder than normal readings for much of the USA.

Right now, it does not appear that there will be any episodes of sustained and meaningful blocking per the GFS ensembles. However, the ensembles have had widely varying situations, so my confidence is not all that high. What I do believe one will see is a PNA that approaches 0 and then perhaps winds ups weakly positive. The NAO could remain somewhat positive to near neutral. Overall, I don't expect troughs or ridges to lock into place in the Continental USA during most or all of the 12/1-7 timeframe.

The recent GSM idea is for much of the USA to see readings run somewhat below normal with the East winding up coolest relative to normal. However, the pattern marked by transient systems suggests that perhaps the GSM is overdone--at least if experience from past years is considered.

So, my thinking for the average temperature anomalies during the 12/1-7 period is as follows:

Average Regional Temperature Anomalies (12/1-7):
Northeast: Somewhat below normal to near normal
Mid-Atlantic: Below normal
Southeast: Below normal
Great Lakes: Near normal
Northern Plains: Above normal
Central Plains: Above normal
Southern Plains: Near normal to somewhat above normal
Pacific Northwest: Near normal to somewhat above normal
Southwest/Rest of West Coast: Above normal (but near normal in California)

For the major cities from Washington, DC to Boston, the 12/1-7 period is likely to feature:

- Nights generally in the 30s throughout the region with some 20s.
- Days mainly in the 50s in Philadelphia to Washington, DC, and 40s and 50s in New York City and Boston
- One or more days with a high temperature of 60° or above in Washington, DC
- One or more days with lows in the 20s throughout the region.

In the Southeast, Atlanta will likely see highs generally in the 50s with some 60s. However, a few days with highs only in the 40s may well occur.

At the same time, I believe the East Coast has potential to see at least a little snowfall in the big cities during the 12/1-10 period (first week is favored).

While the past is no guarantee of the future, the forecast GFS ensemble mean 500 mb height anomalies for 11/30 0z is remarkably similar to those that were present on 11/30/1957. Ultimately, after a brief warm shot, a storm brough a significant snowfall to parts of the East Coast on December 3-4.

GFS Ensembles: Forecast 500 mb height anomalies for 11/30/2006 0z:
Image

500 mb Height Anomalies for November 30, 1957:
Image

All said, especially as past patterns similar to the current one have seen at least one big qpf event and frequent smaller ones, the idea that perhaps some precipitation occurs when it is sufficiently cold is not outlandish. Some earlier runs of the GFS had indicated snowfall potential.

Given the warm November, December's total snowfall in such cities as Washington, DC (if 6" or more falls), New York City (if 8" or more falls) or Boston (if 15" or more falls) could offer a critical signal as to whether an above to much above normal season lies ahead. Low snowfall could indicate below normal snowfall, especially for NYC or Washington, DC.
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#2 Postby sphinx » Fri Nov 24, 2006 8:53 pm

"Given the warm November, December's total snowfall in such cities as Washington, DC (if 6" or more falls), New York City (if 8" or more falls) or Boston (if 15" or more falls) could offer a critical signal as to whether an above to much above normal season lies ahead. Low snowfall could indicate below normal snowfall, especially for NYC or Washington, DC."

Thanks for the informative post; however, I can't let the last paragraph pass without a comment.

Isn't this (last paragraph) kind of like saying the 2nd quarter score in a basketball game provides a clue as to who will eventually win the game? Well duh!

Don: Or are you saying that higher than average snowfall during December is a signal that the January-March snowfall could also be above average?

Or perhaps something more subtle. It is also possible that in some parts of the U.S. cold Decembers are usually followed by warm January's so a cold December could be the harbinger of a warm less snowy winter.


Speaking of medium-range forecasts. I recently heard Louis Uccellini give a talk. He showed a viewgraph showing how the skill of various global models has changed over the last 10 years (or so). The ECMWF was way out in front. The rest of the models were tangled like spaghetti; however the GFS model had moved into 2nd when the last sample was (strategically perhaps!) taken.

Interestingly, the ECWMF model has skill about 8 days out. The GFS has skill about 71/4 days out. Louis also noted that good forecasters (such as Don) are able to exploit biases in these models and add at least a day to the skill. One day may not sound like much but it may take 10-20 years before raw model output can forecast as well as forecasters aided by model output can today.
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Re: December 1-7 Thoughts

#3 Postby Ptarmigan » Sat Nov 25, 2006 11:08 pm

donsutherland1 wrote:During the first 7 days of December, I believe generally transient conditions are likely: shots of cold alternating with milder than normal readings for much of the USA.

Right now, it does not appear that there will be any episodes of sustained and meaningful blocking per the GFS ensembles. However, the ensembles have had widely varying situations, so my confidence is not all that high. What I do believe one will see is a PNA that approaches 0 and then perhaps winds ups weakly positive. The NAO could remain somewhat positive to near neutral. Overall, I don't expect troughs or ridges to lock into place in the Continental USA during most or all of the 12/1-7 timeframe.

The recent GSM idea is for much of the USA to see readings run somewhat below normal with the East winding up coolest relative to normal. However, the pattern marked by transient systems suggests that perhaps the GSM is overdone--at least if experience from past years is considered.

So, my thinking for the average temperature anomalies during the 12/1-7 period is as follows:

Average Regional Temperature Anomalies (12/1-7):
Northeast: Somewhat below normal to near normal
Mid-Atlantic: Below normal
Southeast: Below normal
Great Lakes: Near normal
Northern Plains: Above normal
Central Plains: Above normal
Southern Plains: Near normal to somewhat above normal
Pacific Northwest: Near normal to somewhat above normal
Southwest/Rest of West Coast: Above normal (but near normal in California)

For the major cities from Washington, DC to Boston, the 12/1-7 period is likely to feature:

- Nights generally in the 30s throughout the region with some 20s.
- Days mainly in the 50s in Philadelphia to Washington, DC, and 40s and 50s in New York City and Boston
- One or more days with a high temperature of 60° or above in Washington, DC
- One or more days with lows in the 20s throughout the region.

In the Southeast, Atlanta will likely see highs generally in the 50s with some 60s. However, a few days with highs only in the 40s may well occur.

At the same time, I believe the East Coast has potential to see at least a little snowfall in the big cities during the 12/1-10 period (first week is favored).

While the past is no guarantee of the future, the forecast GFS ensemble mean 500 mb height anomalies for 11/30 0z is remarkably similar to those that were present on 11/30/1957. Ultimately, after a brief warm shot, a storm brough a significant snowfall to parts of the East Coast on December 3-4.

GFS Ensembles: Forecast 500 mb height anomalies for 11/30/2006 0z:
Image

500 mb Height Anomalies for November 30, 1957:
Image

All said, especially as past patterns similar to the current one have seen at least one big qpf event and frequent smaller ones, the idea that perhaps some precipitation occurs when it is sufficiently cold is not outlandish. Some earlier runs of the GFS had indicated snowfall potential.

Given the warm November, December's total snowfall in such cities as Washington, DC (if 6" or more falls), New York City (if 8" or more falls) or Boston (if 15" or more falls) could offer a critical signal as to whether an above to much above normal season lies ahead. Low snowfall could indicate below normal snowfall, especially for NYC or Washington, DC.


Interesting. Where did you get the 500 mb Height Anomalies for November 30, 1957?
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#4 Postby Nimbus » Sun Nov 26, 2006 8:44 am

You can see the first low pressure system coming into the west coast on the water vapor imagery. My first impression was that the flow might be a little more zonal west to east than it was in 1957 and that the cold Canadian air mass would moderated a little since November has been warmer than usual.

My local long range forecast is calling for a dramatic chill in Florida Thursday night. Are any of the models calling for the development of a low off the south east coast?
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#5 Postby vbhoutex » Sun Nov 26, 2006 10:43 pm

Don, your call for near normal to somewhat above normal temps for the Southern plains seems to be going against all of the guidance I have seen of late for our area as we are expecting a significant cool down late in the week with some possible freezing temps(about 2 weeks ahead of schedule for this area). Can you wxplain what you see vs, what is seemingly being called for in the models and by our local OCM's. I certainly haven't looked at the models and other available data like I know you have, but I find it unusual that there is such a difference between your always well researched forecasts and what we are being told.
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#6 Postby donsutherland1 » Sun Nov 26, 2006 11:51 pm

Dave,

At the time I made my post (11/22), I had expected that the colder air would arrive sooner and depart sooner from the southern Plains. At this point in time, a colder than average anomaly is likely for that region in the 12/1-7 timeframe with milder readings arriving at the end of the period.
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#7 Postby donsutherland1 » Mon Nov 27, 2006 12:01 am

Sphinx,

My winter forecast can be found earlier in this forum (October 2006). The December snowfall is just a milestone as to where things appear to be headed e.g., toward verifying or away from it.

FWIW, often the January-April snowfall winds up heavier than normal and that's what contributes to above to much above normal seasonal snowfall. Some figures for NYC:

At this point in time, it appears reasonably likely that New York City will have a mean temperature of 49.0° or above for November.

Since 1869, there have been 25 such seasons. The data follows:

Mean seasonal snowfall: 24.7"
Median seasonal snowfall: 24.4"
40" or more seasonal snowfall: 7/25 (28%) seasons
30" or more seasonal snowfall: 8/25 (32%) seasons
25" or more seasonal snowfall: 11/25 (44%) seasons
< 20" seasonal snowfall: 12/25 (48%) seasons
< 15" seasonal snowfall: 9/25 (36%) seasons
< 10" seasonal snowfall: 4/25 (16%) seasons
Highest seasonal snowfall: 54.7", 1960-61
Lowest seasonal snowfall: 3.5", 2001-02

For seasons following a November with a mean temperature of 49.0° or above:

December Snowfall: 8" or more

This was a snowy signal.

Mean seasonal snowfall: 41.4"
Median seasonal snowfall: 43.6"
40" or more seasonal snowfall: 7/9 (77%) seasons
30" or more seasonal snowfall: 7/9 (77%) seasons
25" or more seasonal snowfall: 9/9 (100%) seasons
< 20" seasonal snowfall: 0/9 (0%) seasons
Highest seasonal snowfall: 54.7", 1960-61
Lowest seasonal snowfall: 27.2", 1909-10

December Snowfall: Less than 3"

This signaled very little seasonal snowfall.

Mean seasonal snowfall: 13.1"
Median seasonal snowfall: 12.5"
40" or more seasonal snowfall: 0/12 (0%) seasons
30" or more seasonal snowfall: 1/12 (8%) seasons
25" or more seasonal snowfall: 1/12 (8%) seasons
< 20" seasonal snowfall: 11/12 (92%) seasons
< 15" seasonal snowfall: 8/12 (67%) seasons
< 10" seasonal snowfall: 4/12 (33%) seasons
Highest seasonal snowfall: 30.6", 1946-47
Lowest seasonal snowfall: 3.5", 2001-02

Now, taking it a step farther, the average snowfall for January-May (1869-70 through 2005-06) is 22.1". In seasons where 8" or more fell in December, 6/9 (67%) saw more than the average figure. Moreover, 4/9 (44%) saw 30" or more during the January-May period.
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Re: December 1-7 Thoughts

#8 Postby donsutherland1 » Mon Nov 27, 2006 12:03 am

Ptarmigan,

You can generate a map for the anomalies (1948 to near the present) at: http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/Composites/Day/
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#9 Postby sphinx » Mon Nov 27, 2006 8:23 pm

"Now, taking it a step farther, the average snowfall for January-May (1869-70 through 2005-06) is 22.1". In seasons where 8" or more fell in December, 6/9 (67%) saw more than the average figure. Moreover, 4/9 (44%) saw 30" or more during the January-May period."

Wow that's a stronger signal than I would have expected.

Glad winter's here! Hopefully, the Midwest will get a decent snow this week. I've enjoyed watching the various solutions fluctuate over time. Secondary lows all over the place but now converging to a solution.
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